利用非线性方法反演琉球-台湾-吕宋地区的岩石层P波速度结构   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李志伟  胥颐  郝天珧  刘劲松 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(5):1345-1351

根据中国地震台网和ISC台站提供的P波走时资料,使用差异演化全局优化算法(DE算法)和移动窗方法反演了琉球-台湾-吕宋地区岩石层尺度的P波速度结构.在台站和地震分布较为密集的地区,反演窗口为2°×2°,移动步长为1°;在台站和地震较少的地区,反演窗口为4°×4°左右,移动步长为2°.反演结果揭示出琉球-台湾-吕宋地区壳幔结构的横向差异:琉球岛弧西侧受冲绳海槽地幔热扰动的地壳减薄,东侧由于菲律宾海板决的俯冲挤压地壳略有增厚;欧亚大陆与菲律宾海板块的相互碰撞导致台湾地区地壳及岩石层明显增厚;吕宋及菲律宾北部岩石层受岛弧火山下方热流影响较大.结果表明,非线性全局优化算法和移动窗方法能够用于反演较大尺度速度结构的横向变化.  相似文献   

Dating alluvial deposits with optically stimulated luminescence, AMS C and cosmogenic techniques, western Transverse Ranges, California, USA     

S.B. DeLong  L.J. Arnold 《Quaternary Geochronology》2007,2(1-4):129-136

In an effort to better understand chronology of alluvial episodes in Cuyama Valley in the western Transverse Ranges of California, USA, we employed optically stimulated luminescence, radiocarbon and cosmogenic radionuclide surface exposure dating methods. Twenty-one optical dates ranging from 0.01 to 27 ka were obtained from exposures of late-Holocene axial-fluvial deposits, Pleistocene–Holocene alluvial-fan deposits, and axial-fluvial sands interbedded within a late Pleistocene alluvial fan. These were cross-checked with 37 AMS radiocarbon dates from charcoal and wood from within a and five ¹⁰Be surface exposure dates from boulders on alluvial-fan surfaces. The OSL results show generally good stratigraphic consistency, logical comparison with the radiocarbon and cosmogenic data, and appear to be the best method for accurate dating within deposits of this nature because suitable material is fairly easy to find in these environments. The radiocarbon data contained numerous “detrital ages”, but well-bedded lenses of apparently in situ or minimally transported charcoal provide reliable age estimates for the associated alluvium. Radiocarbon dating of detrital charcoal in the older alluvial fan deposits was problematic. Our cosmogenic surface-exposure dating was consistent stratigraphically and with our other data, but we were unable to determine its accuracy due to the limited number of samples and the possibility of inherited radionuclides and post-depositional erosion. In light of our results, we suggest that OSL dating using the latest analytical techniques combined with rigorous methods for estimation of paleodase is reliable and of increasing utility in otherwise difficult-to-date coarse alluvial environments in the southwestern United States and elsewhere.  相似文献   

三维地震勘探激发参数选择与分析     

李建军 《山西地震》2007,(2):32-38

文中介绍了山区进行三维地震勘探的重要性及其方法原理。以山西晋城煤业集团某勘探区为实例进行实地勘探和试验,并对试验结果进行了详细的分析,进一步验证了该方法的可行性。  相似文献   

洱源-江川宽角地震剖面的地壳反射特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

张智  徐春明  孟补在  刘财  滕吉文 《地球物理学报》2007,50(4):1082-1088

通过对洱源-江川宽角反射地震资料的叠前偏移处理成像，得到了一个类似于近垂直入射多道地震数据的记录剖面.反射剖面图像与地壳速度结构共同揭示出地壳厚度由剖面西北端(约45 km)向东南端(约40 km)减薄.在洱源-楚雄西北附近深度约10 km处存在一组向东南倾斜的强反射震相，其东南约50 km处存在向西北倾斜的强射震相.易门断裂两侧地壳反射属性具有明显的差异，易门断裂之西北方向深度25～40 km处，中下地壳内存在两组强振幅，向东南方向上倾的地震反射同相轴，并被楚雄-建水断裂后期所错断，易门断裂之东南方向上，地壳内反射较为均一，未见特别明显的强间断面反射信息，这个反射结构被解释为印度板块东向俯冲与藏东缘地壳物质东向逃逸综合作用导致下地壳增厚和厚地壳变形的结果.  相似文献   

断层失稳错动热场前兆模式：雁列断层的实验研究   总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

马瑾  刘力强  刘培洵  马胜利 《地球物理学报》2007,50(4):1141-1149

在实验室使用红外热像仪和接触式测温仪同步观测记录了压性和张性雁列断层失稳错动前后的热场变化过程.从实验记录中发现，在断层失稳引起温度场和热红外辐射亮温温度场上升之前，在两断层段之间的岩桥区发生降温变化.断层带开始升温发生在失稳前2～3 s内，岩桥区的降温却发生在失稳前约20s，这两个超前时间长度相差近一个量级.此类热场先降后升变化过程在雁列构造变形中有一定的普遍性，可能作为雁列断层失稳错动的热场前兆模式.根据实验观测结果，详细描述了上述热场变化的时间过程及其空间分布特征，分析了产生此种失稳前兆模式的机制，显著异常出现的条件及有利观测部位，讨论了它在地震前兆探索等研究中的意义.  相似文献   

若尔盖与西秦岭地震反射岩石圈结构和盆山耦合   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

王海燕  高锐  马永生  朱铉  李秋生  匡朝阳  李朋武  卢占武 《地球物理学报》2007,50(2):472-481

松潘地块北缘的若尔盖盆地与西秦岭造山带相接触，构成青藏高原东北缘典型的新生代盆山构造.其岩石圈结构与深部构造关系，记录了青藏高原东北缘板块碰撞的深部过程，同时又关联着若尔盖盆地油气远景的评价.2004年秋冬季，我们完成了第一条跨越若尔盖盆地和西秦岭造山带的深地震反射剖面.整个剖面全长254 km，分5段完成，其中第2段剖面（简称SP04_2）横过盆山结合部位.SP04_2剖面首次揭示若尔盖盆地－西秦岭造山带盆山结合部位的岩石圈结构，发现了若尔盖盆地和西秦岭造山带下地壳均以北倾为主的强反射特征，提供出若尔盖盆地下地壳整体向西秦岭造山带俯冲的地震学证据，揭示了若尔盖盆地和西秦岭造山带在挤压构造体系下形成的深部构造关系.而近于平的Moho反射特征又反映出两者在造山后期经历了强烈的伸展作用.  相似文献   

Analysis and modeling of the seasonal South China Sea temperature cycle using remote sensing   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Daniel J. Twigt  Erik D. De Goede  Ernst J. O. Schrama  Herman Gerritsen 《Ocean Dynamics》2007,57(4-5):467-484

The present paper describes the analysis and modeling of the South China Sea (SCS) temperature cycle on a seasonal scale. It investigates the possibility to model this cycle in a consistent way while not taking into account tidal forcing and associated tidal mixing and exchange. This is motivated by the possibility to significantly increase the model’s computational efficiency when neglecting tides. The goal is to develop a flexible and efficient tool for seasonal scenario analysis and to generate transport boundary forcing for local models. Given the significant spatial extent of the SCS basin and the focus on seasonal time scales, synoptic remote sensing is an ideal tool in this analysis. Remote sensing is used to assess the seasonal temperature cycle to identify the relevant driving forces and is a valuable source of input data for modeling. Model simulations are performed using a three-dimensional baroclinic-reduced depth model, driven by monthly mean sea surface anomaly boundary forcing, monthly mean lateral temperature, and salinity forcing obtained from the World Ocean Atlas 2001 climatology, six hourly meteorological forcing from the European Center for Medium range Weather Forecasting ERA-40 dataset, and remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST) data. A sensitivity analysis of model forcing and coefficients is performed. The model results are quantitatively assessed against climatological temperature profiles using a goodness-of-fit norm. In the deep regions, the model results are in good agreement with this validation data. In the shallow regions, discrepancies are found. To improve the agreement there, we apply a SST nudging method at the free water surface. This considerably improves the model’s vertical temperature representation in the shallow regions. Based on the model validation against climatological in situ and SST data, we conclude that the seasonal temperature cycle for the deep SCS basin can be represented to a good degree. For shallow regions, the absence of tidal mixing and exchange has a clear impact on the model’s temperature representation. This effect on the large-scale temperature cycle can be compensated to a good degree by SST nudging for diagnostic applications.  相似文献   

修正的莫尔-库仑理论的解析和验证     

石寒 《岩土力学》2007,28(7):1491-1494

根据主应力可分解为静水应力和偏应力,以及它们在应力莫尔圆和变形方面的相关性,推导出修正的莫尔-库仑理论的数学表达式。从理论上解决了库仑理论和莫尔理论存在的许多缺陷,特别是中间主应力对材料抗剪强度的影响。它的四参数准则的计算结果与一些混凝土的试验数据相当吻合。  相似文献   

川西前陆盆地南部莲花山区地震剖面构造解释及构造特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张勤学  李忠权  冉永良 《沉积与特提斯地质》2007,27(1):72-75

通过详细的地震剖面解释,结合川西前陆盆地演化史,阐明莲花山地区地下断层及褶皱的几何形态及特征。认为区内部分断层是继承先成断层发育而来,部分断层是喜马拉雅期运动的产物;部分断层存在断层反转现象;控制盆地内沉积的主要因素是几个大断层。  相似文献   

西藏冈底斯尼木地区斑岩铜矿地质特征与找矿标志   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

晏子贵  李作华 《四川地质学报》2007,27(2):99-103

西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带属全球特提斯—喜马拉雅构造—成矿域东延部分,位于冈底斯火山—岩浆弧中东段,为国土资源大调查以来确认的最重要的成矿区带之一。尼木西北部地区为冈底斯斑岩铜矿带的重要组成部分,现已确认为冈底斯成矿带上最重要的斑岩型铜(钼)矿化集中区之一。通过成矿地质背景、典型矿床地质特征、成矿控制因素的综合分析,对尼木地区斑岩铜矿的找矿标志进行了初步总结。  相似文献